Fathead Minnow

The fathead minnow is a small fish that is very common in the lakes, ponds and slow-flowing waters of North America. The wild form is olive-brown; in the hobby and in ponds the pink-orange "rosy red" form is more often found. Because of its hardiness it is widely used as a feeder fish and in laboratory studies. In breeding males the head darkens, a spongy pad forms on the nape and small tubercles appear on the snout. Adults reach 5–7 cm; males are larger than females.

• At least 80 liters for a group of 6–10; it can also be kept in cool-water ponds.
• 15–22°C is ideal; no heater is needed.
• Plants, rocks and, for spawning, hiding places with an underside, such as a flat stone or an upturned flowerpot.
• A 25% weekly water change; well-oxygenated water.

Omnivorous. Flakes and granules, frozen daphnia, brine shrimp and bloodworms; spirulina as a plant supplement.

A peaceful schooling fish. In the breeding season the male claims a nest under a stone or root; the female sticks the eggs to the underside of this surface, and the male cleans and guards them until they hatch. During this period males chase each other.

Good companions: small, peaceful species that like cool water: white cloud mountain minnows, gold barbs, bitterlings, snails.

Avoid: tropical species that need warm water, large fish (it is seen as food).