Dwarf Seahorse

The dwarf seahorse is one of the smallest seahorses in the world: adults are usually 2–2.5 cm and rarely approach 5 cm. It lives in the shallow seagrass beds (Zostera) of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico and has a short lifespan of about 1–2 years. It breeds readily in the aquarium; but because its tiny mouth means it can be fed almost only on freshly hatched live brine shrimp, it is a labor-intensive species. In the trade it is also sold under the name "pygmy seahorse"; it should not be confused with the true pygmy seahorses that live on corals (H. bargibanti, etc.). Legal note: All seahorses are listed in CITES Appendix II; if possible, choose aquarium-bred individuals.

• For a few pairs, a separate 40-liter aquarium dedicated to this species only; very gentle flow, a sponge filter.
• Salinity specific gravity 1.022–1.025, pH 8.1–8.4, temperature 22–26°C.
• Artificial or live seagrass and macroalgae to hold on to.
• Hydroids and Aiptasia can sting and kill seahorses of this size; take care that they do not enter the aquarium with the brine shrimp.

Carnivorous. Enriched, freshly hatched brine shrimp and copepods must be offered 2–3 times a day. It rarely accepts frozen food; because leftover food quickly spoils water quality, regular cleaning is needed.

Peaceful and slow; several pairs live comfortably in the same aquarium. Males become pregnant and give birth to a few dozen fry after about two weeks.

Good companions: Only its own species; optionally small herbivorous snails.

Avoid: All fish, shrimp (they eat the fry and the brine shrimp), anemones, stinging corals, strong flow.