Vaillant's Chocolate Gourami

Vaillant's chocolate gourami is the relative of the chocolate gourami native to West Kalimantan and grows to about 5–6 cm. Contrary to the usual pattern, in this species the female is more colorful: in the courtship period she takes on a brick-red body crossed by dark greenish-black vertical bands. It is a mouthbrooder; in this species the male is reported to take on the brooding. It depends on the very soft, acidic water of peat swamps, and its care requires expertise.

• At least 60 liters for a small group, with a large footprint.
• 25–28°C, pH 4.5–6.5, GH 0–5; reverse osmosis water or rainwater.
• A thick layer of dried leaves, roots, floating plants and dim light.
• Almost still water; small water changes with matching values.

A carnivore that feeds on tiny organisms. Live and frozen brine shrimp, cyclops, daphnia, microworms and chopped bloodworms should be the staple; dry food alone is not enough. Feed small amounts twice a day.

Peaceful and timid; it forms a loose group with its own species. Next to fast, greedy tankmates it goes hungry, becomes stressed and falls ill. It is best kept in a species tank.

Good companions: Boraras species, pencilfish, sparkling gourami, very small and calm species suited to peat water.

Avoid: fast schooling fish, large gouramis and bettas, cichlids, species that need hard water.