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Invertebrate Freshwater Care: medium Aggressive

Bigclaw River Shrimp

Macrobrachium carcinus
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Other names: Painted river prawn, Spotted river shrimp, American giant prawn
Group: Shrimp, crayfish and crabs · Family: Palaemonidae · Origin: The Americas — Atlantic-draining rivers from the southern US (Florida) to Brazil, including the Caribbean

A river shrimp from the Americas that can exceed 20 cm, with a yellowish-brown patterned body and very thick claws. A nocturnal, powerful predator; it is kept alone in a large aquarium.

Will it suit my tank?

Last updated October 16, 2026

Temperature
22–28°C
pH
7–8
Hardness
8–20 dGH
Adult size
20 cm
Minimum tank size
200 liters
Social structure
Solitary
Swimming zone
Bottom
Diet
Omnivore
Breeding
Other

Water parameters

Temperature22–28°C
pH7–8
General hardness (GH)8–20 dGH
Recommended range
May escape, needs a lid Eats small fish Eats shrimp Eats snails Suitable for planted tanks

Overview

October 16, 2026 · Suggest an edit

The bigclaw river shrimp is a large Macrobrachium species living in the Atlantic-draining rivers of the Americas. The dark brown bands and lines on a yellowish background, and the very thick, long claws, especially in males, make it recognizable. Adult males can exceed 20 cm. It is rarely seen in aquariums; it is impressive but a dangerous predator. Because its larvae develop in brackish water, it does not breed in the aquarium.

Tank Setup

October 16, 2026 · Suggest an edit
  • 200 liters or more for a single adult, with a large floor area.
  • 24–27°C, near-neutral, moderately hard water; a strong filter, good oxygenation and gentle flow.
  • Large caves that can hold its whole body.
  • A tight lid; when startled it may jump and climb.
  • A 25–30% water change every week; because of its large size it produces a lot of waste.

Diet

October 16, 2026 · Suggest an edit

Omnivorous and fond of animal food. It eats sinking tablets, fish and mussel meat, shrimp, bloodworms and blanched vegetables. Remove leftovers within a day.

Behavior and Compatibility

October 16, 2026 · Suggest an edit

Nocturnal and territorial. It catches fish, shrimp and snails with its claws; it fights fiercely with members of its own species.

Good companions: It should be kept alone.

Avoid: All fish, shrimp, snails, crayfish and crabs.

A short profile for this species

The Bigclaw River Shrimp page has the basics, but the sections below have not been written yet. If you keep this species, write a section from your own experience; it will be published under your name after editor approval.

Tank mates

This list is calculated automatically from the species profile and grows as new species are added to the catalog. Try it in the planner for a definite answer.

Usually compatible

Should not be kept together

Hobbyist notes

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Change history and contributors
  1. Page created · October 16, 2026